Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) (Indonesia), GROUPS - ASIA - ACTIVE

Group Formation
Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) was founded on 1 January 1993 as a breakaway faction of the Darul lslam (DI) movement, led by senior DI figures such as Abdullah Sungkar and Abu Bakar Baasyir. Sungkar was the first emir of JI, although following his death in November 1999 leadership of the group passed to Baasyir. JI first came to international prominence with the October 2002 Bali bombings, after which Baasyir was arrested and sentenced to four years in prison in September 2003. After a series of successful appeals his sentence was reduced twice and he was released in April 2004. However, he was re-arrested immediately. Baasyir was eventually sentenced to 30 months in prison on 3 March 2005 for violating a provision of the criminal code relating to conspiracy to commit the Bali bombings and was released on 14 June 2006. Following Baasyir's second arrest, Sunarto bin Kartodiharjo alias Adung became JI's acting emir. However, his arrest later in the year led to Zuhroni alias Nuaim alias Zarkasih becoming the acting emir. On 9 June 2007, Zuhroni was arrested in Yogyakarta, Central Java. His trial began in late November 2007 and in April 2008 he was sentenced to 15 years in prison. As such it is currently unclear who holds the position of JI emir. Although media reports have routinely attributed attacks carried out over the ensuing years to JI, the majority of such operations were actually carried out by the Noordin Network - a JI splinter group led by Noordin Muhammad

Aims and Objectives
JI adheres to the principles of Salafi-jihadist ideology, a fundamentalist form of Sunni Islam, which argues that it is an individual duty not just to liberate all Muslim lands from non-Muslim occupation, but to forcibly purify Muslim societies by rejecting what it considers to be religious innovation and returning society to a perceived state of grace embodied by the first three generations of the Prophet Muhammad's followers. As such, JI was founded with the objective of the establishment of an Islamic state in Indonesia and the implementation of sharia (Islamic law) as the first step toward the restoration of a regional caliphate. However, since the October 2002 Bali bombings the group has shunned the notion of Al-Qaeda-style attacks on Indonesian soil, believing that they were counterproductive and that the group should concentrate in the near term on dawah (outreach) activities designed to build and consolidate its popular support. However, this strategic decision does not preclude the eventual resumption of an armed campaign, and did not prevent it from carrying out operations during the communal conflict between Muslims and Christians in Central Sulawesi in 2004 and 2005.

The complete article appears in the following publication:
Publication Title	Jane's World Insurgency and Terrorism
Publication date	Mar 21, 2012
Section	GROUPS - ASIA - ACTIVE
Publication synopsis	Jane's World Insurgency and Terrorism profiles every significant terrorist and insurgent movement worldwide with 'at-a-glance' summaries of threat levels, status, founding date, aims and objectives, and leadership. In-depth threat analyses focus on recent attacks, claims of responsibility, targeting and tactics, personnel and recruitment, operational preparedness and limiting factors. The portfolio of profiles for active groups is deepened as new groups emerge to provide the greatest level of coverage and analysis possible. Regular updates of the most active groups allow you to keep track of terrorist activity globally and ensure that notable shifts in doctrine, leadership and capabilities are captured.
In addition to a detailed threat assessment, group profiles also address	Sources of funding Alliances Sources of weapons Organisation and command structure Political and religious affiliation Propaganda techniques Leader biographies Overview of campaign
Different sections provide in-depth detail covering	Groups - Africa - Active Groups - Africa - Dormant Groups - Americas - Active Groups - Americas - Dormant Groups - Asia - Active Groups - Asia - Dormant Groups - Europe - Active Groups - Europe - Dormant Groups - International - Active Groups - Middle East - Active Groups - Middle East - Dormant

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